The image depicts the process for humoral immunity on the left and cell-mediated immunity on the right.
Humoral immunity:
Primary Response:
- Antigen binds to anti-bodies. The image shows a B cell being activated by a Helper T cell.
- Activated B cells grow and divide rapidly. The image shows the B cells dividing.
- B cells produce plasma cells and memory B cells. In the image, a bunch of plasma cells as seen on the left and a single memory B cell on the right.
- Plasma cells release antibodies that capture antigens and mark them for destruction. The image shows the antibodies capturing and marking antigens.
Secondary Response:
- Memory T cells respond more quickly than helper T cells in the primary response.
Cell-mediated immunity:
Primary Response:
- Macrophage consumes virus and displays antigen on its surface. Helper T cells bind to macrophages and are activated. The image shows a macrophage being activated by a Helper T cell.
- Activated helper T cells divide. The image shows the helper T cells diving.
- Helper T cells activate B cells, activate cytotoxic T cells, and produce memory T cells. The image shows, a cytotoxic T cell attaching to an infected cell on the left and a memory T cell on the right.
- Cytotoxic T cells bind to infected body cells and destroy them. A dotted line separator shows the final step in the case of some virus invading the body.
On the left, the image shows a bunch of plasma and a bunch of memory B cells. A memory B cell attacks the virus.
Secondary Response:
- Memory B cells respond more quickly than B cells in the primary response.
On the right, the image shows a bunch of helper T cells and a bunch of memory T cells. A memory T cell attacks the virus. Step 5 reads, Memory T cells respond more quickly than helper T cells in the primary response.