If you have money, you're going to need the services of a bank or credit union—to save money, to manage it, and transfer it to others. If you need more money, a bank can lend it to you.
The city or town you live in probably has many banks, both large and small. Behind all that brick and chrome and glass, what are their differences? How do you choose? Begin by familiarizing yourself with the different types of banks and the various services they offer, then determine which one best suits your needs.
Types of Financial Institutions
A bank is an institution for receiving, keeping, and lending money. There are four basic types of banks:
Each offers a different range of services, although recent deregulation of the American banking industry has made them more similar than different. Whatever type of bank you choose, make sure that it is federally insured. That way, if the bank fails, you won't lose your money. Federal deposit insurance protects your deposit up to a limit of $100,000.
A bank card and an ATM allow you 24-hour access to your accounts, although services and withdrawal amounts are limited.
Debit cards are used much like checks. When you make a purchase with a debit card, money is electronically deducted from your account and credited to the seller's account. Many stores let you use your ATM card as a debit card.
You can obtain a credit card that is directly linked to your bank account. Payments are automatically withdrawn from your bank account, making payment of your credit card bill more convenient.
Your bank may give your checking account a small line of credit to protect you from bouncing checks.
Using a computer and a modem, you can do much of your banking without entering a bank.
You can move money directly from one account to another by authorizing a wire transfer.
You can arrange to have your regular bills, such as your car payment, deducted directly from your account.
Your employer can credit your pay directly to your account, giving you speedy access to your earnings.
Banks can help you finance your education, automobile purchase, or other large purchase.
You can purchase stocks through the brokerage services now offered by many of the larger commercial banks.
You can secure important documents and valuables by renting a safe deposit box, which is kept in the bank's vault.