Staff Credits

The people who make up the United States History team—representing design services, editorial, editorial services, education technology, manufacturing and inventory planning, market research, marketing services, planning and budgeting, product planning, production services, project office, publishing processes, and rights and permissions—are listed below. Bold type denotes core team members.

Ernie Albanese, Mary Aldridge, Diane Alimena, Leann Davis Alspaugh, Michele Angelucci, Jasjit Arneja, Margaret Antonini, Rosalyn Arcilla, Alan Asarch, Helene Avraham, Penny Baker, Renée Beach, Peter Brooks, Lois Brown, Kerry Buckley, Pradeep Byram, Rui Camarinha, Lisa Carrillo, Sarah Carroll, Kerry Cashman, Justin Contursi, Jason Cuoco, Harold DelMonte, James Doris, Laura Edgerton-Riser, Leanne Esterly, Anne Falzone, Libby Forsyth, Phillip Gagler, Doreen Galbraith, Joe Galka, Kathy Gavilanes, Julie Gecha, Allen Gold, Holly Gordon, Mary Ann Gundersen, Mary Hanisco, Rick Hickox, Karen Holtzman, Kristan Hoskins, Beth Hyslip, Katharine Ingram, Linda Johnson, John Kingston, Stephanie Krol, Courtney Lane, Mary Sue Langan, Julian Libysen, Salena LiBritz, Marian Manners, Grace Massey, Patrick McCarthy, John McClure, Mike McLaughlin, Rich McMahon, Kathleen Mercandetti, Art Mkrtchyan, Karyl Murray, Ken Myett, Deborah Nicholls, Xavier W. Niz, Kim Ortell, Jennifer Paley, Ray Parenteau, Judi Pinkham, Linda Punskovsky, Matthew J. Raycroft, Maureen Raymond, Ryan Richards, Bruce Rolff, Laura Ross, Robyn Salbo, Donna Schindler, Gerry Schrenk, Mildred Schulte, Melissa Shustyk, Siri Schwartzman, Ann Shea, Robert Siek, Laurel Smith, Lisa Smith-Ruvalcaba, Kara Stokes, Frank Tangredi, Elizabeth Torjussen, Humberto Ugarte, Ellen Welch Granter, Rachel Winter

Additional Credits

Steve Apple, Karen Beck, Meg Ceccolini, Donna DiCuffa, Lynette Haggard, Stuart Kirschenbaum, Beth Kun, Carol Maglitta, Karen Mancinelli-Paige, Caroline McDonnell, Lesley Pierson, Rachel Ross, Ted Smykal, Alfred Voto, Marc Wezdecki

Art Credits

Kerry Cashman SH12, 7, 19, 26, 28–29, 37, 38, 44, 46, 51, 60–61, 68–69, 75, 83, 92–93, 102–103, 112–113, 115, 122–123, 132–133, 142, 146–147, 152–153, 158–159, 162, 164–165, 171, 176–177, 178, 183, 186, 192–193, 204–205, 214, 226, 228–229, 235, 240–241, 248–249, 256–257, 263, 266, 270–271, 275, 278–279, 285, 294–295, 305, 316–317, 326–327, 342–343, 348–349, 356, 358–359, 368–369, 372–373, 382, 392–393, 403, 414, 418–419, 422–423, 424, 428–429, 436–437, 442–443, 451, 460–461, 474, 479, 482–483, 486–487, 491, 494, 498–499, 514, 519, 520–521, 526–527, 540–541, 549, 556–557, 558, 564–565, 572, 582–583, 590, 592–593, 602–603, 612, 618–619, 620–621, 634, 636, 642–643, 650–651, 668, 674–675, 682, 684–685, 706–707; Ellen Welch Granter 398, 402, 406, 411, 412, 413, 420, 428, 430; Hefflin Agency/Ilene Winn-Lederer 10; Kevin Jones Associates 358–359; Steve McEntee 659; Rich McMahon C3, C6, C9, C12, C14, C17, 92, 443, 598, 601, 607, 615, 620, 640, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713; Jen Paley, SH11, SH12, SH13, SH14, SH15, SH16, SH17, SH18, SH19, SH20, SH21, SH26, SH27, SH28, SH31, 4, 9, 13, 15, 18, 20, 21, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 42, 48, 50, 54, 55, 59, 60, 62, 66, 73, 80, 87, 92, 100, 105, 106, 109, 116, 121, 126, 128, 130, 132, 135, 138, 140, 144, 147, 149, 151, 156, 159, 161, 164, 165, 166, 170, 174, 180, 181, 183, 189, 193, 194, 198, 199, 204, 212, 213, 216, 217, 218, 221, 223, 224, 231, 234, 235, 237, 238, 240, 241, 242, 248, 254, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 266, 272, 274, 278, 280, 284, 286, 292, 293, 295, 296, 297, 299, 300, 303, 305, 308, 309, 310, 316, 318, 324, 325, 329, 331, 337, 340, 344, 345, 348, 350, 351, 354, 358, 361, 365, 370, 377, 380, 384, 386, 390, 392, 395, 400, 423, 428, 434, 435, 437, 440, 441, 448, 455, 458, 460, 463, 468, 476, 477, 488, 490, 496, 498, 504, 505, 508, 511, 512, 517, 518, 526, 528, 529, 532, 537, 539, 544, 545, 549, 552, 553, 559, 560, 564, 566, 570, 572, 574, 578, 580, 581, 583, 584, 586, 589, 592, 594, 599, 603, 605, 609, 610, 611, 613, 628, 629, 633, 639, 644, 645, 648, 650, 652, 653, 656, 658, 660, 661, 663, 664, 666, 668, 671, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 684, 691, 704, 705, 706, 710, 714–715, 751, 906, 1026, 1101, 1129, 1154–1155, 1157, 1160, 1161; XNR Productions, Inc. SH22, 5, 11, 13, 24, 26, 28, 40, 46, 53, 85, 114, 125, 129, 141, 149, 158, 160, 162, 164, 172, 176, 186, 191, 195, 200, 214, 266, 281, 287, 306–307, 328, 333, 343, 346, 356, 364, 372, 374, 376, 383, 388, 401, 403, 408, 409, 416, 428, 438, 444, 460, 470, 479, 500, 509, 533, 539, 547, 550, 564, 565, 588, 601, 611, 632, 646, 648, 650, 669, 672, 676, 684, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 713, 892, 1036, 1132

Photo Credits

FrontEnd: L, Library of Congress; R, head, Stockdisc/Getty Images; Body Dirk Anschutz/Getty Images; vi: The Granger Collection, New York; vii: National Archives and Records Administration; viii: Haystacks on the Newburyport Marshes, 1862 (oil on canvas) by Martin Johnson Heade (1819–1904) ©Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, USA/The Bridgeman Art Library; ix: Library of Congress; x: Frederic Remington, A Dash for the Timber, Oil on canvas, 1889. 1961. 381, Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas; xi: Inset, Judith Miller/©Dorling Kindersley/Larry & Dianna Elman; T, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; xii: L, Getty Images; M, Getty Images; ML, Tim Ridley ©Dorling Kindersley/collection of the Louisiana State Museum, Gift of the New Orleans Jazz Club; R, © Bettmann/CORBIS; xiii: ©A724/GAMMA; xiv: L, ©Charles Gatewood/The Image Works; M, Prentice Hall; R, Time Life Pictures/Getty Images; xv: L, ©Peter Turnley/CORBIS; R, ©Reuters/CORBIS; xvi: John Dominis/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images; xviii: The New York Public Library/Art Resource, NY; xix: Photofest; xxxii: L, Library of Congress; R, head: Stockdisc/Getty Images; Body: Dirk Anschutz/Getty Images.

SH1: ©Darius Ramazani/zefa/CORBIS; SH2: Jose Luis Pelaez, Inc./CORBIS; SH6: Tom Stewart/CORBIS; SH12: Inset, Fox Photos/Getty Images; SH19: ©Charles Gupton/CORBIS; SH23: ©Bettmann/CORBIS; SH24: The Granger Collection/New York; SH26 Library of Congress; SH30: ©Dynamic Graphics Group/IT Stock Free/ Alamy; SH32: Background, The Art Archive/National Archives Washington D.C.; BL, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; BR, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; ML, The Granger Collection, New York; MR, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; TL, ©Reuters/CORBIS; TM, The Granger Collection, New York; TR, The Granger Collection, New York; 01: SuperStock, Inc.; 02–03: The Granger Collection, New York; 03: B, ©Richard A. Cooke/CORBIS; M, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts, USA/The Bridgeman Art Library International; T, African, Nigeria, Edo peoples, court of Benin, Saltcellar: Portuguese Figure, 15th–16th century, Ivory, H. 7–1/8 in. (18.1 cm), The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Louis V., Bell and Rogers Funds, 1972. (1972.63ab) Photograph by Stan Reis. Photograph ©1984 The Metropolitan Museum of Art; 04: Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C./Art Resource, NY; 07: BR, David Muench/CORBIS; L, George H.H. Huey/CORBIS; TR, Ira Block/National Geographic Image Collection; 09: The Art Archive/British Museum/Eileen Tweedy; 11(2): The Granger Collection, New York; 12: akg-images; 14: The Granger Collection, New York; 15: HIP/Art Resource, NY; 17: B, Nik Wheeler/CORBIS; Background, Getty Images; TL, photocuisine/CORBIS; TR, Getty Images; 19: B, ©North Wind Picture Archives; T, Werner Forman/Art Resource, NY; 20: ©Bettmann/CORBIS; 22: The Granger Collection, New York; 23: The Art Archive/Army Museum Madrid/Dagli Orti; 25: BL, Courtesy of the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley; BR, Chas Howson ©The British Museum/©Dorling Kindersley; MR, SSPL/The Image Works; TL, The Granger Collection, New York; TR, The Granger Collection, New York; 27: B, The Granger Collection, New York; T, Sherwin Crasto/Reuters/CORBIS; 28: L, David Muench/CORBIS; R, HIP/Art Resource, NY; 29: L, ©Underwood & Underwood/CORBIS; R, The Granger Collection, New York; 30: B, Chas Howson ©The British Museum/©Dorling Kindersley; T, Antiquarian Images; 32–33: The Granger Collection, New York; 33: T, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; B, Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford; M, Courtesy of the Pilgrim Society, Plymouth, Massachusetts; 34: Background, The Granger Collection, New York; Inset, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; 35: MR, akg-images/Gilles Mermet; 37: ©North Wind Picture Archives; 38: Background, inset, & M, Mission San Luis, Florida Division of Historical Resources; TR, Courtesy of the Florida Museum of Natural History Historical Archaeology Collections; 39: AP/Wide World Photos/Jeff Geissler; 40: L, ©Bettmann/CORBIS; R, Tom McHugh/Photo Researchers, Inc.; 41: Erich Lessing/Art Resource, NY; 42: Wisconsin Historical Society #2784; 43: Mary Evans Picture Library; 44: ©Bettmann/CORBIS; 45: ©Bettmann/CORBIS; 46: BL, ©Jeremy Horner/CORBIS; Inset, BR, ©North Wind Picture Archives/Alamy; Inset, TR, ©MPI/Getty Images; ML, & TL, Courtesy of APVA Preservation Virginia; 47: Background, ©MPI/Getty Images; R, Captain John Smith, 1st Governor of Virginia, c.1616 (oil on canvas), English School, (17th century) Private Collection/The Bridge-man Art Library; 48: The Granger Collection, New York; 50: The Granger Collection, New York; 51: ©Kevin Fleming/CORBIS; 52: L, ©North Wind Picture Archives; R, ©North Wind Picture Archives; 53: ©North Wind Picture Archives; 55: The Granger Collection, New York; 57: Library of Congress; 58: B, Giraudon/Art Resource, NY; Inset, Collection of the New York Historical Society; MR, lower, ©Private Collection/©John Noott Galleries, Broadway, Worcestershire, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library; MR, upper Hulton Archive/Getty Images; TR, The New York Public Library/Art Resource, NY; 60: Captain John Smith, 1st Governor of Virginia, c.1616 (oil on canvas), English School, (17th century) Private Collection/The Bridgeman Art Library; 62: L, ©North Wind Picture Archives; R, AP/Wide World Photos/Jeff Geissler; 63: ©Bettmann/CORBIS; 64–65: Collection of the New York Historical Society; 65: B, M, & T, The Granger Collection, New York; 66: The Granger Collection, New York; 68: Louie Psihoyos/ CORBIS; 69: B, Wilberforce House Museum, Hull City Council, UK/Dorling Kindersley; BL, Set of anklets, from West Africa (iron), African, (19th century), Private Collection, ©Michael Graham-Stewart/The Bridgeman Art Library; T, Royal Albert Memorial Museum, Exeter, Devon, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library; 70: The Granger Collection, New York; 71: B, The Granger Collection, New York; T, Title page and frontis-piece to “Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral” by Phillis Wheatley (1753–1784) published in London, 1773 (engraving), English School, (18th century) ©Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, MA, USA, Bridgeman Art Library; 72: L, Saint James United Methodist Church; R, The Granger Collection, New York; 73: ©Michael Nicholson/CORBIS; 75: BL, Martin Cameron ©Dorling Kindersley; BR, Philip Dowell ©Dorling Kindersley; M, Alex Wilson ©Dorling Kindersley, Courtesy of the Charlestown Shipwreck and Heritage Centre, Cornwall; 76: T, Courtesy of S.J. Shrubsole, New York; B, The Granger Collection, New York; 78: B, Rare Books Division, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; T, The Granger Collection, New York; 79: The Granger Collection, New York; 80: L, The Granger Collection, New York; R, Courtesy of S.J. Shrubsole, New York; 81: The Granger Collection, New York; 82: B, The Granger Collection, New York; M lower, From the Collections of The New Jersey Historical Society, Newark, New Jersey; M upper, The Granger Collection, New York; T, ©North Wind Picture Archives/North Wind Picture Archive; 84: B, The Granger Collection, New York; T, The Granger Collection, New York; 85: L, “Rogers Rangers Toward Ticonderoga” ©2006 John Buxton, licensed by The Greenwich Workshop, Inc.; R, ©CORBIS; 86: The Granger Collection, New York; 87: Paramount Press Inc. & Collection of the Westmorland Foundation, Gift of the Colonies Foundation; 89: B, The Granger Collection, New York; T, The Philadelphia Museum of Art/Art Resource, NY; 90: Louie Psihoyos/CORBIS; 91: The Granger Collection, New York; 92: B & T, The Granger Collection, New York; 95: SuperStock, Inc; 96–97: Courtesy of The American Revolution Center at Valley Forge; 97: B, Guilford Courthouse National Military Park; M, Courtesy of the National Park Service, Museum Management Program and Morristown National Historical Park; T, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation; 98: TL, Library of Congress; TR, Allan Ramsay (1713–1784),