Immigrants and foreign visitors go through a careful check before they are allowed to enter the country.
How should government regulate immigration?
The first major effort to limit immigration to the United States came in the late 1800s. By then, immigrants were streaming into the country. Many Americans worried about losing their jobs or their sense of national identity. Since then, immigration and immigration policy have remained controversial issues. Use the timeline below to explore this enduring issue.
1882 Chinese Exclusion Act
Federal government makes first law to exclude a specific national group.
1924 National Origins Act
Law sets quotas on numbers of immigrants from each country.
1952 McCarran-Walter Act
Law establishes political beliefs as criteria for exclusion.
1965 Immigration Act Amended
Congress abolishes national quotas but sets ceiling for each hemisphere.
1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act
Law offers amnesty to some illegal aliens.
2004 Guest Worker Program
President Bush proposes law allowing temporary foreign workers.
Immigrants enter New York’s Ellis Island in the 1920s.
Amnesty for Illegal Immigrants In recent years, Americans have hotly debated the question of amnesty for illegal immigrants. Some Americans favor laws providing a legal route to citizenship. Critics say that laws curbing further illegal immigration would be more effective.
“Amnesty combined with serious penalties for employers that hire undocumented workers … is the only real way out of [this] situation…. It…is…the option most likely to secure the border and end the system of undocumented worker exploitation—which is precisely why our well-funded leaders in Washington have no intention of pursuing it.”
—Tom Head, author
“Amnesty for illegal aliens is simply a reward for law-breaking. No system depending on a strict regard for the rule of law can treat law-breaking so casually. Amnesty will be a magnet for further illegal immigrants, who hope to be future recipients of the nation’s compassion.”
—Edward J. Erler, Senior Fellow, Claremont Institute