Reflections: Jefferson’s Vision

Of the many founding fathers responsible for creating the American Republic, the one at the top of many people’s list is Thomas Jefferson. He was truly the grand architect who plotted our nation’s destiny. The Declaration of Independence was largely his inspiration. The Library of Congress, today the finest repository of its kind, resulted from his passion for books and knowledge. The Louisiana Purchase, which he engineered, doubled the size of the young republic, enabling it to fulfill its continental destiny. And it was Jefferson, a person of limitless intellectual curiosity, who sent two young soldiers, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, across that continent to inspect, measure, and explore his new purchase.

Two centuries have passed since these Captains of Discovery ventured across the vast and inviting continent. Yet, to this day, we are indebted to Lewis and Clark for their faithfulness to their mission, to their President, and to their colleagues. Charged with identifying the natural wonders of the Far West, they collected and described hundreds of plants, birds, and animals previously unknown in the East. Over the course of their expedition, they measured and mapped every step of their two-year journey. They also carefully recorded and documented their daily activities, filling numerous notebooks with information that scholars still find invaluable.

One historian of the West has declared that the diaries and journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition were by far the most important original narrative of North American exploration ever written. The words Lewis and Clark wrote were intended for Jefferson, but now they belong to the ages. “The work we are now doing,” Jefferson wrote while Lewis and Clark were still wending their way across the West, “is, I trust, done for posterity…. We shall delineate with correctness the arteries of this country: those who come after us will extend the ramifications as they become acquainted with them and fill up the canvas we begin.” That canvas today is the United States of America.


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Table of Contents

Prentice Hall: United States History CHAPTER 1 Many Cultures Meet (Prehistory–1550) CHAPTER 2 Europeans Establish Colonies (1492–1752) CHAPTER 3 The American Colonies Take Shape (1607–1765) CHAPTER 4 The American Revolution (1765–1783) CHAPTER 5 Creating the Constitution (1781–1789) CHAPTER 6 The New Republic (1789–1816) CHAPTER 7 Nationalism and Sectionalism (1812–1855) CHAPTER 8 Religion and Reform (1812–1860) CHAPTER 9 Manifest Destiny (1800–1850) CHAPTER 10 The Union in Crisis (1846–1861) CHAPTER 11 The Civil War (1861–1865) CHAPTER 12 The Reconstruction Era (1865–1877) CHAPTER 13 The Triumph of Industry (1865–1914) CHAPTER 14 Immigration and Urbanization (1865–1914) CHAPTER 15 The South and West Transformed (1865–1900) CHAPTER 16 Issues of the Gilded Age (1877–1900) CHAPTER 17 The Progressive Era (1890–1920) CHAPTER 18 An Emerging World Power (1890–1917) CHAPTER 19 World War I and Beyond (1914–1920) CHAPTER 20 The Twenties (1919–1929) CHAPTER 21 The Great Depression (1928–1932) CHAPTER 22 The New Deal (1932–1941) CHAPTER 23 The Coming of War (1931–1942) CHAPTER 24 World War II (1941–1945) CHAPTER 25 The Cold War (1945–1960) CHAPTER 26 Postwar Confidence and Anxiety (1945–1960) CHAPTER 27 The Civil Rights Movement (1945–1975) CHAPTER 28 The Kennedy and Johnson Years (1960–1968) CHAPTER 29 The Vietnam War Era (1954–1975) CHAPTER 30 An Era of Protest and Change (1960–1980) CHAPTER 31 A Crisis in Confidence (1968–1980) CHAPTER 32 The Conservative Resurgence (1980–1993) CHAPTER 33 Into a New Century (1992–Today) Reflections: Enduring Issues Five Themes of Geography Profile of the Fifty States Atlas Presidents of the United States Economics Handbook Landmark Decisions of the Supreme Court Documents of Our Nation English and Spanish Glossary Index Acknowledgments