Suppose you are given a set of polynomial function outputs. You know that their inputs are an ordered set of x-values in which consecutive x-values differ by a constant. By analyzing the differences of consecutive y-values, it is possible to determine the least-degree polynomial function that could generate the data.
If the first differences are constant, the function is linear. If the second differences (but not the first) are constant, the function is quadratic. If the third differences (but not the second) are constant, the function is cubic, and so on.
What is the degree of the polynomial function that generates the data shown below?
Know | Need | Plan |
---|---|---|
A set of polynomial function values | Degree of the polynomial function | Check first differences of y-values. Then check second differences, third differences, and so on until they are constant. |
x | y |
---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 | 5 |
1 | 11 |
2 | 9 |
3 |
|
How do you find the second differences?
Subtract the consecutive first differences.
The degree of the polynomial function is 3.
What is the degree of the polynomial function that generates the data shown below?
x | y |
---|---|
|
23 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
3 | 29 |