Prentice Hall Algebra 2

There is another way to geometrically define tan θ.

The diagram shows the unit circle and the vertical line x equals 1 .  The angle θ in standard position determines a point P (x, y).

By similar triangles, the length of the vertical red segment divided by the length of the horizontal red segment is equal to y over x , .  The horizontal red segment has length 1 since it is a radius of the unit circle, so the length of the vertical red segment is y over x  or tan θ, which is also the y-coordinate of Q.

Angle theta radians in standard position, with its terminal side through P (x , y) on the unit circle in quadrant 1 and through Q above (1, 0). The vertical segment from (1, 0) to Q measures tangent theta.

If θ is an angle in standard position and not an odd multiple of pi over 2 , comma  then the line containing the terminal side of θ intersects the line x equals 1  at a point Q with y-coordinate tan θ.

The graph below shows one cycle of the tangent function, y equals tangent theta comma  for negative , pi over 2 , less than theta less than , pi over 2 . .  The pattern repeats periodically with period π. At theta equals plus minus , pi over 2 . comma  the line through P fails to intersect the line x equals 1 comma  so tan θ is undefined.

Two graphs.
Image Long Description


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Table of Contents

Prentice Hall Algebra 2 Chapter 1 Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities Chapter 2 Functions, Equations, and Graphs Chapter 3 Linear Systems Chapter 4 Quadratic Functions and Equations Chapter 5 Polynomials and Polynomial Functions Chapter 6 Radical Functions and Rational Exponents Chapter 7 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Chapter 8 Rational Functions Chapter 9 Sequences and Series Chapter 10 Quadratic Relations and Conic Sections Chapter 11 Probability and Statistics Chapter 12 Matrices Chapter 13 Periodic Functions and Trigonometry Chapter 14 Trigonometric Identities and Equations Skills Handbook English/Spanish Illustrated Glossary Selected Answers Index Acknowledgments