15 Assessment

15.1 Selective Breeding

Understand Key Concepts

  1. Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together their best characteristics is called

    1. domestication.

    2. inbreeding.

    3. hybridization.

    4. polyploidy.

  2. Crossing individuals with similar characteristics so that those characteristics will appear in their offspring is called

    1. inbreeding.

    2. hybridization.

    3. recombination.

    4. polyploidy.

  3. Taking advantage of naturally occurring variations in organisms to pass wanted traits on to future generations is called

    1. selective breeding.

    2. inbreeding.

    3. hybridization.

    4. mutation.

  4. How do breeders produce genetic variations that are not found in nature?

  5. What is polyploidy? When is this condition useful?

    6. Think Critically

    1. Propose a Solution Suppose a plant breeder has a thornless rose bush with scentless pink flowers, a thorny rose bush with sweet-smelling yellow flowers, and a thorny rose bush with scentless purple flowers. How might this breeder develop a pure variety of thornless, sweet-smelling purple roses?

    2. Compare and Contrast Hybridization and inbreeding are important methods used in selective breeding. How are the methods similar? How are they different?

15.2 Recombinant DNA

Understand Key Concepts

  1. Organisms that contain genes from other organisms are called

    1. transgenic.

    2. mutagenic.

    3. donors.

    4. clones.

  2. What process is shown below?

    1. cloning

    2. transformation

    3. hybridization

    4. polymerase chain reaction

      Process flow diagram.d

  3. When cell transformation is successful, the recombinant DNA

    1. undergoes mutation.

    2. is treated with antibiotics.

    3. becomes part of the transformed cell's genome.

    4. becomes a nucleus.

  4. Bacteria often contain small circular molecules of DNA known as

    1. clones.

    2. chromosomes.

    3. plasmids.

    4. hybrids.

  5. A member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell is a

    1. clone.

    2. plasmid.

    3. mutant.

    4. sequence.

  6. Describe what happens during a polymerase chain reaction.

  7. Explain what genetic markers are and describe how scientists use them.

  8. How does a transgenic plant differ from a hybrid plant?

    9. End ofPage 442

Table of Contents

Miller & Levine Biology
About the Authors
Changing the World of Biology Education
Contents
Diversity of Life: A Visual Guide DOL•1–DOL•64
Labs and Activities
Features
UNIT 1 The Nature of Life
1 The Science of Biology
2 The Chemistry of Life
Unit Project
UNIT 2 Ecology
3 The Biosphere
4 Ecosystems and Communities
5 Populations
6 Humans in the Biosphere
Unit Project
UNIT 3 Cells
7 Cell Structure and Function
8 Photosynthesis
9 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
10 Cell Growth and Division
Unit Project
UNIT 4 Genetics
11 Introduction to Genetics
12 DNA
13 RNA and Protein Synthesis
14 Human Heredity
15 Genetic Engineering
Unit Project
UNIT 5 Evolution
16 Darwin's Theory of Evolution
17 Evolution of Populations
18 Classification
19 History of Life
Unit Project
UNIT 6 From Microorganisms to Plants
20 Viruses and Prokaryotes
21 Protists and Fungi
22 Introduction to Plants
23 Plant Structure and Function
24 Plant Reproduction and Response
Unit Project
UNIT 7 Animals
25 Introduction to Animals
26 Animal Evolution and Diversity
27 Animal Systems I
28 Animal Systems II
29 Animal Behavior
Unit Project
UNIT 8 The Human Body
30 Digestive and Excretory Systems
31 Nervous System
32 Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems
33 Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
34 Endocrine and Reproductive Systems
35 Immune System and Disease
Unit Project
A Visual Guide to The Diversity of Life
HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE
THE TREE OF LIFE
Bacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Appendices
Appendix A Science Skills
Appendix B Lab Skills
Appendix C Technology & Design
Appendix D Math Skills
Appendix E Periodic Table
Glossary
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q, R
S
T
U
V
W
X, Y, Z
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Credits
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