Standardized Test Prep

Multiple Choice

1. What determines differences in skin color among individuals?

   1. number of melanocytes

   2. amount of melanin produced by each melanocyte

   3. amount of keratin in the skin

   4. amount of sebum produced

2. Smooth muscle is found in the

   1. walls of blood vessels.

   2. heart.

   3. neuromuscular junctions.

   4. joints.

3. All of the following are important roles of the skeletal system EXCEPT

   1. protection of internal organs.

   2. facilitation of movement.

   3. storage of mineral reserves.

   4. regulation of body temperature.

4. Which of the following supplies the energy required for muscle contractions?

   1. myosin

   2. acetylcholine

   3. ATP

   4. actin

5. The tough layer of connective tissue surrounding each bone is called

   1. tendon.

   2. periosteum.

   3. ligament.

   4. cartilage.

6. Joints that allow one bone to rotate around another are

   1. gliding joints.

   2. ball-and-socket joints.

   3. hinge joints.

   4. pivot joints.

7. Which of the following is NOT found in skin tissue?

   1. keratin

   2. marrow

   3. collagen

   4. melanin

8. What is a function of sebum?

   1. It moistens the hair and skin.

   2. It gives skin its color.

   3. It insulates the body.

   4. It makes nails and hair rigid.

Questions 9–10

As people age, the mineral content of their bone decreases. People who fail to build enough bone in adolescence and young adulthood or who lose bone at a faster than normal rate are at risk for developing osteoporosis. The graph below shows typical bone mass of men and women through most of the life span.

d

9. Between which ages do both men and women gain bone mass at the highest rate?

   1. 10–20 years

   2. 20–30 years

   3. 30–40 years

   4. 50–60 years

10. A valid conclusion that can be drawn from this graph is that, on average,

    1. women lose more bone mass as they age than men do.

    2. men lose more bone mass as they age than women do.

    3. women and men lose the same bone mass as they age.

    4. men continue to gain bone mass as they age.

Open-Ended Response

11. Doctors recommend that women eat calcium-rich foods and get plenty of exercise during adolescence and early adulthood. How could this help prevent osteoporosis later in life?

Table of Contents