23.1 Specialized Tissues in Plants

Understand Key Concepts

1. The plant organ that supports the plant body and carries nutrients between different parts of the plant is the

   1. root.

   2. stem.

   3. leaf.

   4. flower.

2. Which type of plant tissue would be found ONLY in the circled areas of the plant shown?

   1. meristem tissue

   2. vascular tissue

   3. dermal tissue

   4. ground tissue

      

3. Tracheids and vessel elements make up

   1. phloem.

   2. trichomes.

   3. xylem.

   4. meristem.

4. Phloem functions primarily in

   1. transport of water.

   2. growth of the root.

   3. transport of products of photosynthesis.

   4. increasing stem width.

5. What is the principal difference between mature xylem and mature phloem cells?

6. What are the three main functions of leaves?

Think Critically

7. Compare and Contrast What are similarities and differences in the dermal tissues of roots and of leaves?

8. Use Analogies How accurate is the following analogy for describing plant growth?

   Apical meristems cause plants to grow the way a high-rise office building grows during construction.

23.2 Roots

Understand Key Concepts

9. Which of the following are found in roots?

   1. vascular tissue only

   2. ground tissue only

   3. dermal and vascular tissue only

   4. dermal, vascular, and ground tissue

10. As a growing root pushes through the soil, the delicate apical meristem is protected by

    1. a root cap.

    2. xylem.

    3. bark.

    4. root hairs.

11. Which of the following is a trace element absorbed by roots?

    1. nitrogen

    2. phosphorus

    3. zinc

    4. potassium

12. The waterproof strip that is found in the cell walls of the endodermis is the

    1. vascular cambium.

    2. vascular cylinder.

    3. Casparian strip.

    4. cortex.

13. How are root hairs important to plants?

14. What are the primary kinds of material that plants obtain from the soil through roots?

15. What causes root pressure, and what is the function of root pressure for the plant?

Think Critically

16. Predict How would the function of a plant root be affected if it lacked a Casparian strip?

17. Form a Hypothesis While transplanting a houseplant to a larger pot, you notice that the roots had been very crowded in the old pot. Over the next few weeks, the plant's growth and overall appearance improve greatly. Develop a hypothesis that explains this observation.

23.3 Stems

Understand Key Concepts

18. Increases in the thickness of stems result from the production of new tissue by the

    1. vascular cambium.

    2. mesophyll.

    3. apical meristem.

    4. ground tissue.

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