Standardized Test Prep

Multiple Choice

1. A type of virus that infects bacterial cells is called a

   • capsid.

   • prion.

   • bacteriophage.

   • retrovirus.

2. Prokaryotic cells that have a spherical shape are called

   • cocci.

   • methanogens.

   • spirilli.

   • bacilli.

3. What is a capsid?

   • viral DNA that inserts into a host's DNA

   • a protein coat surrounding a virus

   • a type of plant virus

   • a rod-shaped bacterium

4. Which of the following is NOT used to identify specific prokaryotes?

   • type of nucleic acid

   • shape

   • movement

   • energy source

5. Which method is NOT used to protect food against microorganisms?

   • heating

   • freezing

   • sterilization

   • vaccination

6. Which illness is caused by a bacterium?

   • AIDS

   • polio

   • diphtheria

   • common cold

7. Which process is used for the exchange of genetic information between two bacterial cells?

   • endospore formation

   • lysogenic cycle

   • conjugation

   • binary fission

8. All bacteria are classified as

   1. eukaryotes.

   2. protists.

   3. archaea.

   4. prokaryotes.

Questions 9–10

Use the graph below to answer the questions.

d

9. At which interval in the graph does the number of living bacteria increase at the greatest rate?

   • between hours 2 and 4

   • between hours 4 and 6

   • between hours 6 and 8

   • between hours 10 and 12

10. Which is the most likely reason for the decrease in bacteria shown?

    • The temperature of the bacterial culture was too high after 8 hours.

    • The bacteria stopped reproducing after 8 hours.

    • More nutrients were added to the culture at regular intervals.

    • Waste products from the bacteria accumulated in the nutrient solution.

Open-Ended Response

11. Explain why antibiotics can be useful in treating bacterial diseases but not in treating viral diseases.

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