A girl holding an architect's blueprint, next to a photo of an unusually designed building.

Architect To find out what an architect does, all you have to do is look around you. Architects design all types of buildings, from houses to airport terminals to entire developments. Architects have to be able to predict how a building and its materials will hold up to a variety of forces.

Educational requirements Five-year bachelor of architecture program, three-to four-year master of architecture program for those with a degree in another discipline, internship, and passage of Architect Registration Examination

Photo of a man on a lift in the air holding a piece of filming equipment on the set of a movie.

A heating and cooling technician working with pipes in the ceiling.

HVAC Technician HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) technicians install, maintain, and repair heating and cooling systems in homes and commercial buildings. HVAC technicians also make sure that ozone-depleting chemicals are not released into the environment.

Educational requirements Two-year community or junior college degree, with courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and mechanical drawing; refrigeration handler's license

Silhouette of a person fixing the electrical box on an electric pole.

Electrician Electricians are responsible for installing, testing, and maintaining electrical systems. They also must adhere to the National Electrical Code and obey state and local building codes to safely install electrical systems.

Educational requirements Four-or five-year apprenticeship program and state license


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Table of Contents

Physical Science CHAPTER 1 Science Skills CHAPTER 2 Properties of Matter CHAPTER 3 States of Matter CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure CHAPTER 5 The Periodic Table CHAPTER 6 Chemical Bonds CHAPTER 7 Chemical Reactions CHAPTER 8 Solutions, Acids, and Bases CHAPTER 9 Carbon Chemistry CHAPTER 10 Nuclear Chemistry CHAPTER 11 Motion CHAPTER 12 Forces and Motion CHAPTER 13 Forces in Fluids CHAPTER 14 Work, Power, and Machines CHAPTER 15 Energy CHAPTER 16 Thermal Energy and Heat CHAPTER 17 Mechanical Waves and Sound CHAPTER 18 The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Light CHAPTER 19 Optics CHAPTER 20 Electricity CHAPTER 21 Magnetism CHAPTER 22 Earth's Interior CHAPTER 23 Earth's Surface CHAPTER 24 Weather and Climate CHAPTER 25 The Solar System CHAPTER 26 Exploring the Universe Skills and Reference Handbook