a force associated with charged particles, which has two aspects, electric force and magnetic force (pp. 378, 635)
the process of generating a current by moving an electrical conductor relative to a magnetic field (p. 642)
the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves (p. 533)
the full range of electromagnetic radiation (p. 540)
a transverse wave consisting of changing electric and changing magnetic fields (p. 533)
a negatively charged subatomic particle that is found in the space outside the nucleus of an atom (p. 108)
a visual model of the most likely locations for the electrons in an atom (p. 116)
the arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom (p. 118)
a diagram of an atom, ion or molecule in which each dot represents a valence electron (p. 158)
the science of using electric currents to process or transmit information (p. 618)
information sent as patterns in the controlled flow of electrons through a circuit (p. 618)
a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances (p. 39)
spherical or oval-shaped galaxies with no trace of spiral arms and very little gas or dust between stars (p. 848)
the periodic warming of water in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean (p. 781)
a description of a change in which a system absorbs engergy from its surroundings (p. 86)
a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings (p. 209)
the ability to do work (p. 447)
the practice of finding ways to use less energy or to use energy more efficiently (p. 466)
the process of changing energy from one form to another (p. 454)
the possible energies that electrons in an atom can have (p. 114)
a protein that acts as a catalyst for reactions in cells (p. 284)
the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake (p. 686)
a state in which the forward and reverse paths of a physical or chemical change take place at the same rate (p. 216)
a day that marks the beginning of spring or autumn; a day on which the length of daylight and darkness are approximately equal (p. 754)
a major stage in Earth's geologic history (p. 734)
the process that wears down and carries away rock and soil (p. 709)
the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance's boiling point (p. 89)
a description of a change in which a system releases energy to its surroundings (p. 86)
a chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings (p. 208)
a heat engine in which the fuel burns outside the engine (p. 486)
a description of a type of organism that is no longer found living on Earth (p. 733)
an igneous rock that forms at Earth's surface (p. 671)
F
- farsightedness
an eye condition that causes nearby objects to be blurry (p. 592)
- fault
a break in Earth's crust (p. 685)
- ferromagnetic material
a material that can be magnetized because it contains magnetic domains (p. 632)
- filtration
a process that separates materials based on the size of their particles (p. 50)
- fission
a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus is split into two smaller parts (p. 309)
- flammability
a material's ability to burn in the presence of oxygen (p. 54)
- flood plain
the flat area along a stream that is covered only during floods (p. 716)
- fluid
a substance or mixture that flows and has no shape of its own (p. 391)
- fluid friction
a friction force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid (p. 360)
- fluorescence
a process in which phosphorescent material converts radiation into visible light (p. 559)
- focal point
the point at which light rays parallel to the axis of a mirror or lens meet or appear to meet (p. 572)
- focus
the location beneath Earth's surface where an earthquake begins (p. 686)
- fog
a cloud that is touching or is near to the ground (p. 762)
- fold
a bend in layers of rock (p. 685)
- foliated rock
a metamorphic rock with crystals arranged in parallel bands (p. 674)
- force
a push or a pull that acts on an object (p. 356)
- fossil
the preserved remains or traces of a living organism (p. 732)
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