Contents

  • Chapter 1 Science Skills xviii

    • 1.1 What is Science? 2

    • 1.2 Using a Scientific Approach 7

      • Concepts in Action
        Forensic Science 12

    • 1.3 Measurement 14

    • 1.4 Presenting Scientific Data 22

    The six-wheeled Sojourner rover, which was the first robot to explore Mars.

    Chemistry 32

  • Careers in Chemistry 34

  • Chapter 2 Properties of Matter 36

    • 2.1 Classifying Matter 38

    • 2.2 Physical Properties 45

      • Concepts in Action
        Getting a Fresh Start 52

    • 2.3 Chemical Properties 54

  • Chapter 3 States of Matter 66

    • 3.1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases 68

    • 3.2 The Gas Laws 75

      • Concepts in Action
        Riding on Air 82

    • 3.3 Phase Changes 84

  • Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 98

    • 4.1 Studying Atoms 100

      • Concepts in Action
        Small-Scale Construction 106

    • 4.2 The Structure of an Atom 108

    • 4.3 Modern Atomic Theory 113

  • Chapter 5 The Periodic Table 124

    • 5.1 Organizing the Elements 126

    • 5.2 The Modern Periodic Table 130

    • 5.3 Representative Groups 139

      • Concepts in Action
        Elemental Friends and Foes 146


  • End ofPage vi

Table of Contents

Physical Science CHAPTER 1 Science Skills CHAPTER 2 Properties of Matter CHAPTER 3 States of Matter CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure CHAPTER 5 The Periodic Table CHAPTER 6 Chemical Bonds CHAPTER 7 Chemical Reactions CHAPTER 8 Solutions, Acids, and Bases CHAPTER 9 Carbon Chemistry CHAPTER 10 Nuclear Chemistry CHAPTER 11 Motion CHAPTER 12 Forces and Motion CHAPTER 13 Forces in Fluids CHAPTER 14 Work, Power, and Machines CHAPTER 15 Energy CHAPTER 16 Thermal Energy and Heat CHAPTER 17 Mechanical Waves and Sound CHAPTER 18 The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Light CHAPTER 19 Optics CHAPTER 20 Electricity CHAPTER 21 Magnetism CHAPTER 22 Earth's Interior CHAPTER 23 Earth's Surface CHAPTER 24 Weather and Climate CHAPTER 25 The Solar System CHAPTER 26 Exploring the Universe Skills and Reference Handbook